Solvent decomposition
The solvent method refers to the use of a combination of a solvent and heat to break a crosslink bond in a polymer, decompose into a low molecular weight polymer or a small organic molecule dissolved in a solvent, thereby separating the resin matrix and the reinforcement. The solvent method can be classified into a nitric acid decomposition method, a hydrogenation decomposition method, an ultra/subcritical fluid decomposition method, an atmospheric pressure solvent decomposition method, and a molten salt method depending on the reaction conditions and the reagents used.
The nitric acid method utilizes the strong oxidizing property and strong acidity of nitric acid, and can decompose CFRP at a low temperature lower than 100 ° C. The surface of the obtained carbon fiber is clean and free of carbon residue, and the mechanical properties of carbon fiber are not lost, but the treatment time is long and the operation risk is low. It is relatively high and produces some nitrogen oxide gas. The super/subcritical fluid method refers to a method of decomposing a resin matrix of CFRP waste by using a solvent to diffuse and dissolve in a super/subcritical state, thereby obtaining a clean carbon fiber. This method retains the mechanical properties of the original carbon fiber well. The atmospheric pressure decomposition method refers to a method in which a resin matrix in a composite material is degraded by a solvent under normal pressure conditions to make it a soluble substance, so that the components in the composite material are easily separated, recycled, and reused. It avoids the problem of frequent operation of high-pressure reaction, and the process is simple, which is conducive to further industrialization.
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