"The armor was swayed by the rhinoceros", the ancient soldiers will go to the armor, and now the "satellite soldiers" who explore space for humans naturally have to protect. In the interview, the reporter learned that the Long March 11 solid carrier rocket successfully launched on the 19th also has a pair of "black armor" to protect the satellites in the arms and help them to conquer the stars and the sea. This "black armor" is the rocket's all-carbon fiber reinforced composite fairing. Unlike other rocket fairings, the long eleven rocket fairings have more innovative elements.
Hard and light: "The longitude eleven rocket armor is woven by the warp and weft method"
The fairings of conventional launch vehicles are constructed of metal frames and metal beams. The metal frame is like a weft, and the purlins are like warp threads, intersecting horizontally and vertically, supporting the fairing structure to create a closed and safe transportation environment for the payload.
It is reported that the fairing of the long eleven rockets has taken a different path and is made of a full carbon fiber reinforced composite material. This black, new fairing is not only stiff and strong, but also lightweight.
Zhang Zhenyu, director of the fairing of the Institute of Aerospace Materials and Technology, Institute of Aerospace Science and Technology, said that the original eleven rocket's fairing is the same as other rockets, but because its diameter is too small, the metal structure will inevitably be produced. Deformation, the jack can not be corrected when assembling. Later, the development of a full carbon fiber reinforced composite fairing not only solved the assembly problem, but also enhanced the performance and increased the load.
Double the production precision: the material national team is struggling to solve the problem
Usually the rocket fairings are produced by splitting, and finally the taper segments and the column segments are connected by a transfer frame. The long eleven rockets fly fast, and the fairing is the first component of the launch vehicle to withstand various complex external forces.
This time, the fairing of the long eleven rockets is only divided into two half-hood productions, which is a one-piece structure with higher performance. According to Zhang Zhenyu, the performance of the rocket has improved, and the difficulty of manufacturing has also increased a lot. Compared with the way of liquid rocket section combination, the production precision is doubled.
The improvement of precision is inseparable from the scientific research “national team” in a material field. Zhang Min, secretary of the Party Committee of the Institute of Aerospace Materials and Technology, told reporters that since the establishment of the Materials Institute, it has gradually established a national level that is highly integrated across units, interdisciplinary, material development, material application research, material application evaluation and equipment application assessment. The material development team has provided strong support for a large number of key national models and key technologies for science and technology.
"Rocket heat-resistant clothing": Automated spraying process reduces coating weight by 20%
The all-black black carbon fiber reinforced composite fairing is made, and the cork patch "heatproof clothing" commonly used in liquid rockets cannot meet the thermal environment requirements of the long eleven rockets.
It is understood that in the past, the fairings of liquid rockets were all put a layer of cork patch on the outside of the "reinforced steel bones", and then coated with protective paint on the outside, which was enough to cope with the various impacts during the flight, but the long eleven rockets could not Choose this option.
Zuo Ruilin, the chief engineer of the anti-heat coatings of the Institute of Aerospace Materials and Technology, said that the thermal environment of the Chang 11 rocket is more severe, and the comprehensive environmental adaptability requirements are higher. The traditional cork heat-resistant materials have poor ablation resistance and are not complicated. Environmental use conditions, and large thickness construction period is long and the efficiency is low.
To this end, the Chang 11 rocket adopts a heat-proof coating that takes into consideration the environmental adaptability of heat, force, medium, construction, etc., and is thickly sprayed on the fairing.
“The Aerospace Materials and Process Research Institute has carried out a series of automated spray coating research to achieve continuous automatic coating and uniformity control of large-area variable thickness of the fairing coating. The coating has a weight reduction of 20% to ensure thermal protection performance. On the basis of the structure, the weight of the structure is further reduced and the proportion of the payload is increased," said Lu Wu, deputy director of the Surface Engineering Division.
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