Carbon fiber composites can be used on a large scale in the aerospace industry, not only because it can achieve the goal of reducing aircraft weight, saving energy, and enhancing cruising ability, but also because it has high physical strength and corrosion resistance, fatigue resistance and other physical and chemical properties. .
In 2015, the demand for carbon fiber in the aerospace industry reached 17,800 tons, of which only 68% of the demand for commercial aircraft was the largest demand for carbon fiber in the aviation industry. Combined with the development of global carbon fiber and the demand for carbon fiber in the aerospace industry, the demand in 2020 may reach 27,000 tons. The demand for military aircraft and commercial aircraft was 7,010 tons in 2011, and increased to 14,100 tons in 2015, with an average compound annual growth rate of 16.9%. It is expected that the demand will increase to 19,600 tons by 2020, with an average annual compound growth rate of 8.4. %.
The demand for carbon fiber in the aerospace industry mainly comes from two major aspects. One is the increasing proportion of carbon fiber composite materials used, and the other is new aircraft orders. It is expected that the demand for carbon fiber in aerospace will reach 27,000 tons by 2020.
In civil aviation, carbon fiber composites have been applied to some secondary structures on aircraft for the first time since the 1970s, such as fairings, control dashboards and cabin doors; the use of carbon fiber composites has gradually entered the wing for nearly three decades. , the fuselage and other large force, large size of the main bearing structure.
At present, the world's two largest passenger aircraft - Boeing and Airbus - are carbon fiber-structured, with an average weight reduction of 20% and fuel costs of 20%. Among them, the Boeing 787 and the Airbus A350 are the most eye-catching, and the Boeing 787 has a carbon fiber reinforced composite CFRP of 55% of the weight. The Airbus A350 uses 53% of the weight of the carbon fiber reinforced composite CFRP.
In military aviation, carbon fiber composite materials have received full attention at home and abroad. At present, composite materials have been applied to the performance of the fuselage, the main wing, the vertical tail, the flat tail and the skin, which has played a significant role in weight reduction. According to data from the China Society for Materials Research, the use of composite front fuselage sections can reduce the mass by 31.5% compared to metal structures, reduce parts by 61.5%, and reduce fasteners by 61.3%. For example, the United States continues to increase the use of carbon fiber composites in advanced fighters, from 2% for F-15E, 19% for F-18E, to 24% carbon fiber composites for the fourth-generation fighter F-22.
In addition, in recent years, UAVs, including unmanned combat aircraft (UCAV), have developed rapidly. Due to the low-cost, light-weight, high-mobility, large overload, high stealth, and long-range technical characteristics, they have decided to reduce weight. Urgent demand, the proportion of composite materials is basically the highest among all aircraft. The GlobalHawk high-altitude long-haul unmanned reconnaissance aircraft shares 65% of composite materials, and the amount of advanced UAV composite materials is constantly increasing. 90% of composite materials are used on X-45C, X-47B, "neuron" and "Raytheon". In recent years, in addition to being widely used for military purposes, drones have become more and more widely used in civil fields such as disaster patrols, environmental monitoring, geodetic aerial photography and meteorological observation. As these aircraft gradually form mass production, composite materials are in existence. The amount used on the human machine will continue to increase.
In the aerospace field, carbon fiber composite materials not only meet the requirements of aerospace technology to reduce the quality of structural materials, but also meet the requirements of high specific modulus and high specific strength of structural materials, with performance and functional designability, and are widely used. In addition, for every 1 kilogram of weight lost by the spacecraft, the launch vehicle can be reduced by 500 kilograms. Therefore, advanced carbon fiber composites are commonly used in the aerospace industry. The satellite structure quality in the United States and Europe is less than 10% of the total weight. The reason is that high-performance composite materials are widely used. At present, satellite microwave communication systems, energy systems and various supporting structural components have basically achieved composite materials. In terms of launch vehicles and strategic missiles, carbon fiber composites have been well applied and developed for their excellent performance. They have been successfully used in the "Pegasus", "Delta" carrier rockets, "Trident" II (D5). Models such as "Gnome" missiles; US strategic missile MX intercontinental missiles, and Russian strategic missile "Baiyang" M missiles all use advanced composite material launchers.
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